1."...What was discovered here in Toronto?...don't be nervous...you don't have to sweat here..." Referring to Professor Lap-Chee Tsui, who discovered the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator (CFTR) genetic mutation responsible for Cystic Fibrosis. "Don't sweat" hints towards the Sweat Chloride Test for the diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis.
2. "...To diagnose amyloidosis, do you go to India? Noooooo, you go to Africa..." Referring to the Congo Red stain that is helpful in the diagnosis of amyloidosis. If amyloid protein is present you will see an apple-green birefringence under polarized light. Check out the picture below of renal amyloidosis stained with Congo Red under polarized light....looks 'apple green' to me.
3. "...There are some genetic causes of liver disease....think about a leader of Germany, no bagels, no doughnuts, no buns..." Hmmm, tricky. There is a Kaiser in Germany, but really he is referring to Keiser-Fleisher rings seen in Wilson's disease. You can see a good picture of these KF rings and read more here.
4. "...A surgical problem? I don't think they will operate...they will probably give you the finger...". Get it? Get it? (I sure didn't). He was referring to Inglefinger's sign, seen in pancreatitis. This is when epigastric pain is diminished when patients sit up and lean forward. You can read more about issues in pancreatitis here.
5. "...Think about a medical liver problem from East Asia...you may get it right, but it may be a fluke..." Okay, sure...we all know he is referring to a liver fluke...but which one? It's Clonorchis sinensis, a cute little tramatode that can cause some serious damage. Those who eat fish are at risk. Adult worms live in the distal biliary ducts for years, and can cause fibrosis, cirrhosis, and cholangiocarcinoma. Check out a glamor shot of one of these worms at the top of the page.
2. "...To diagnose amyloidosis, do you go to India? Noooooo, you go to Africa..." Referring to the Congo Red stain that is helpful in the diagnosis of amyloidosis. If amyloid protein is present you will see an apple-green birefringence under polarized light. Check out the picture below of renal amyloidosis stained with Congo Red under polarized light....looks 'apple green' to me.
3. "...There are some genetic causes of liver disease....think about a leader of Germany, no bagels, no doughnuts, no buns..." Hmmm, tricky. There is a Kaiser in Germany, but really he is referring to Keiser-Fleisher rings seen in Wilson's disease. You can see a good picture of these KF rings and read more here.
4. "...A surgical problem? I don't think they will operate...they will probably give you the finger...". Get it? Get it? (I sure didn't). He was referring to Inglefinger's sign, seen in pancreatitis. This is when epigastric pain is diminished when patients sit up and lean forward. You can read more about issues in pancreatitis here.
5. "...Think about a medical liver problem from East Asia...you may get it right, but it may be a fluke..." Okay, sure...we all know he is referring to a liver fluke...but which one? It's Clonorchis sinensis, a cute little tramatode that can cause some serious damage. Those who eat fish are at risk. Adult worms live in the distal biliary ducts for years, and can cause fibrosis, cirrhosis, and cholangiocarcinoma. Check out a glamor shot of one of these worms at the top of the page.
mmmmh....apples.
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